Planning a Lesson

The material of lesson planning was taken from Doff (93-101) and Harmer (121-126, 170-172)

What is a lesson plan?
A lesson plan is description or outline of:
- The objectives the teacher has set for a lesson
- The activities and procedures the teacher will use to achieve them and the order to be followed

The main stages of the lesson
- What to do at each stage
- Time allocation
- Teaching materials and media

Planning a lesson can also use the ABCD format:
- The audience for whom the objectives are writing
- The behavior that will indicate that learning has occurred
- The condition under which the behavior should occur
- The degree of competency required

The following is the example of a simple lesson plan from Doff and from RPP written by a student who did practice teaching at SMPN 2 Cibinong.

The example of Lesson Plan from Doff:

Lesson 16

Aim : to practice talking about clothes, materials and colors
Vocabulary : adjective (woolen, leather, cotton, nylon, plastic)
Structure : present continuous

Review
Show pictures of clothes. Students give words: coat, hat, shirt, trousers, etc.

Presentation
- Show objects made of wool, leather, plastic, etc.
- Present new adjectives. Write them on the board.

Practice
- Students look at the picture on page 93 and make sentences
e.g. She’s wearing a green cotton dress
- Students work in pair
A: What is she wearing?
B: She’s wearing a green cotton dress

Writing
- Write on the board “Last weekend I was wearing …”
- Students write about themselves
- Collect about 10 students’ papers. Read them out.
- Others guess who wrote them

Reading
- Write on the board
“Peru, Sudan, Pakistan”
- Ask students,
“Where are they?”
“What’s the climate like?”
“What do people wear there?”
- Students read the text on page 94 silently and find answers to guiding questions
- Ask and answer the questions on page 94

The example of Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP)

RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN

Satuan Pendidikan : SMP Negeri 2 Cibinong
Mata Pelajaran : Bahasa Inggris
Kelas/Semester : VIII/2
Alokasi waktu : 2 x 40 menit
Jenis teks : Narrative
Tema : Season
Aspek/Skill : Writing


Standar kompetensi:
Mengungkapkan makna dalam teks tulis fungsional dan esei pendek sederhana berbentuk recount dan narrative untuk berinteraksi dengan lingkungan sekitar

Kompetensi dasar:
Mengungkapkan makna dan langkah retorika dalam esei pendek sederhana dengan menggunakan ragam bahasa tulis secara akurat, lancar dan berterima untuk berinteraksi dengan lingkungan sekitar berbentuk recount dan narrative.

Indikator:
- Menyusun paragraf menjadi sebuah teks narrative dengan langkah retorika yang benar
- Menyusun cerita sehingga menjadi sebuah teks narrative yang utuh

Tujuan Pembelajaran:
Pada akhir pembelajaran siswa dapat:
- Membuat kalimat dalam bentuk past tense
- Mengidentifikasi langkah retorika
- Menyusun paragraf menjadi sebuah teks narrative yang sesuai dengan gambar yang diberikan
- Menyusun cerita sesuai dengan gambar sehingga menjadi sebuah teks narrative yang utuh
- Menggunakan kosa kata baru yang diperoleh dari pembelajaran dalam kehidupan sehari-hari

Materi Pembelajaran:

1. Kosa kata yang terkait dengan materi pembelajaran:

Campfire thunder lighting downpour rescue evacuate struggle drag shout drown

2. Teks narrative bertemakan “Camping in a Wet Season”


It was in the beginning of wet season but the weather was fine in the morning. My classmates and I went camping to the campground.


We set up our tent in the middle of a field near a small river. As soon as this was done, we cooked a meal over an open fire. Everything was all right in the afternoon. But at night while we were singing songs by the campfire, a strong wind blew. It broought disorder to our tent. We could not sleep because it was thundering and raining heavily. Lightening intensified the downpour. Soon the surrounding area became flooded. We all panicked.
We needed help badly, I thought. It wa very dark and the camp ground was far from the village. We had to save our belongings because the flood water became higher and higher.


Then I telephoned the nearest police station. In a short time a rescue unit came. We got into their truck hurriedly. They evacuated us to the safest area.


We relieved then because we could be safe. We really didnot know our camping in such a season. We wished that we could meet the bright one in the following day.

Tujuan komunikatif teks:
Melaporkan sebuah cerita dengan tujuan memberitakan atau menghibur. Teks narrative bisa berupa cerita fiktif seperti dongeng, hikayat, dll. atau kenyataan seperti pengalaman yang di dalamnya terdapat konflik dan pemecahan masalah.

Struktur teks narrative:
- Orientation: pengenalan tokoh, tempat dan waktu terjadinya cerita
- Complication: puncak masalah atau konflik
- Resolution: pemechan masalah
- Reorientation: rangkuman

Metode/teknik pembelajaran:
Cooperative learning

Langkah kegiatan pembelajaran:
1. Kegiatan pendahuluan:
Guru bertanya kepada siswa tentang hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan season seperti:
- How many seasons are there in Indonesia?
- In what season do you usually go camping?

2. Kegiatan inti:
- secara berkelompok siswa mencari arti dari kosa kata pada latihan 1 yang berkaitan dengan teks yang akan dipelajari
- siswa dan guru membahas arti dari kosa kata yang telah ditemukan
- siswa mengidentifikasi teks narrative
- siswa mendengarkan penjelasan dari guru tentang pembuatan teks narrative
- siswa mengerjakan latihan 2 secara berkelompok
- siswa dan guru mambahas jawaban dari latihan 2
- siswa mengerjakan latihan 3 yaitu menyusun jumbled paragraph dan melanjutkan cerita berbentuk teks narrative
- siswa yang dipilih membacakan cerita yang telah dibuat di depan kelas

3. Kegiatan penutup:
- Guru menanyakan kesulitan yang ditemui siswa pada saat proses pembelajaran
- Guru menyimpulkan materi pembelajaran

Sumber belajar:
“Smart Step”, penerbit Ganeca Exact

Alat bantu belajar:
Gambar

Penilaian:
- Teknik: tes tertulis
- Bentuk: menyusun jumbled paragraph menjadi teks narrative yang utuh

Pedoman penilaian:
Skor 50 – 100

Rubrik penilaian:
Uraian Skor
Siswa dapat menyusun seluruh paragraf dengan tepat dan koheren 100
1 paragraf tidak sesuai dan koheren dengan gambar 90
2 paragraf tidak sesuai dan koheren dengan gambar 80
3 paragraf tidak sesuai dan koheren dengan gambar 70
4 paragraf tidak sesuai dan koheren dengan gambar 60
5 paragraf tidak sesuai dan koheren dengan gambar 50

At the end, I asked the students to work in pair to make a simple lesson plan by using the model given by Doff. They must do it in 15 minutes. After they did it, I asked three pairs to present their lesson plans in front of the class.

This week you are GREAT!